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The Roots of Human Genius Are Deeper Than Expected

When in our evolution did we humans become so clever, so creative, so boundlessly ingenious? Writer Heather Pringle tackles exactly this question in the cover story of the March issue of Scientific American. The answer, in a nutshell, is rather earlier than scientists traditionally thought, which itself raises all sorts of questions about what factors kindled our ancestors’ cognitive prowess. Pringle marshals considerable evidence of surprisingly ancient innovation—from sophisticated tools to spectacular works of art—to make her case. The list below links to stories that explore many of those finds in greater detail.

Ancient Cut Marks Reveal Far Earlier Origin of Butchery Humans Tamed Fire by 1 Million Years Ago Human Ancestors Made Deadly Stone-Tipped Spears 500,000 Years Ago Oldest Arrowheads Hint at How Modern Humans Overtook Neandertals When the Sea Saved Humanity

The Morning of the Modern Mind


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Oldest Cave Paintings May Be Creations of Neandertals, Not Modern Humans

Stone Age jams: Humans playing the flute for at least 35,000 years, no word yet on sax

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at Scientific American focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

More by Kate Wong
Scientific American Magazine Vol 308 Issue 3This article was originally published with the title “The Roots of Human Genius Are Deeper Than Expected” in Scientific American Magazine Vol. 308 No. 3 ()